Mesothelioma Not Caused by Asbestos Mesothelioma is more frequent for those with a history of asbestos exposure. Asbestos fibers that stick to the lung's lining (pleura) cause malignant pleural mesothelioma, while those that penetrate the lining of the stomach or the heart (peritoneal and pericardial mesothelioma) are less common. Consult